How Christian Sects Atoned for Racism in the Church

Racism has infiltrated  every sector in the United States—the armed forces,  schools, housing and, yes, even the church. After the civil rights movement, a number of religious denominations began to racially integrate. In the 21st century, several Christian sects have apologized for their role in supporting slavery, segregation and other forms of racism in the church. The Catholic Church, the Southern Baptist Convention and the United Methodist Church are just a few of the Christian denominations that have admitted to engaging in discriminatory practices and announced that they would instead strive to promote social justice. Heres  how the church has attempted to atone  for acts of racism. Southern Baptists Split From Past The Southern Baptist Convention arose after Baptists in the North and the South clashed on the issue of slavery in 1845. The Southern Baptists are the largest Protestant denomination in the country and are known for not only backing slavery but also racial segregation. In June 1995, however, the Southern Baptists apologized for supporting racial injustice. At its yearly meeting in Atlanta, the Southern Baptists passed a resolution â€Å"to repudiate historic acts of evil, such as slavery, from which we continue to reap a bitter harvest.† The group also specifically apologized to African Americans â€Å"for condoning and/or perpetuating individual and systemic racism in our lifetime, and we genuinely repent of racism of which we have been guilty, whether consciously or unconsciously.† In June 2012, the Southern Baptist Convention garnered headlines for making racial progress after electing a black pastor, Fred Luter Jr., its president. Methodist Church Seeks Forgiveness For Racism United Methodist Church officials have  confessed to centuries of racism.  Delegates to its general conference in 2000 apologized to black churches that fled from the church because of bigotry. â€Å"Racism has lived like a malignancy in the bone marrow of this church for years,† said Bishop William Boyd Grove. â€Å"It is high time to say we’re sorry.† Blacks were among the first Methodists in the United States back in the 18th century, but the issue of slavery divided the church along regional and racial lines. Black Methodists ended up forming the African Methodist Episcopal Church, the African Methodist Episcopal Zion Church and the Christian Methodist Episcopal Church because white Methodists excluded them. As recently as the 1960s, white Methodist churches in the South banned blacks from worshipping with them. Episcopal Church Apologizes for Involvement in Slavery At its 75th general convention in 2006, the Episcopal Church apologized for supporting the institution of slavery. The church issued a resolution declaring that the institution of slavery â€Å"is a sin and a fundamental betrayal of the humanity of all persons who were involved.† The church acknowledged that slavery was a sin in which it had partaken. â€Å"The Episcopal Church lent the institution of slavery its support and justification based on Scripture, and after slavery was formally abolished, the Episcopal Church continued for at least a century to support de jure and de facto segregation and discrimination,† the church confessed in its resolution. The church apologized for its history of racism and asked for forgiveness. Moreover, it directed its Committee on Anti-Racism to monitor the church’s ties to slavery and segregation and had its presiding bishop name a Day of Repentance to acknowledge its wrongdoing. Catholic Officials Deem Racism Morally Wrong Officials in the Catholic Church acknowledged that racism was morally questionable as far back as 1956, when other churches routinely practiced racial segregation. That year, New Orleans Archbishop Joseph Rummel penned the pastoral â€Å"The Morality of Racial Segregation† in which he stated, â€Å"Racial segregation as such is morally wrong and sinful because it is a denial of the unity-solidarity of the human race as conceived by God in the creation of Adam and Eve.† He announced that the Catholic Church would cease to practice segregation in its schools. Decades after Rummel’s groundbreaking pastoral, Pope John Paul II begged God’s forgiveness for several sins the church condoned, including racism.

Different types of Bullying Essay - 1550 Words

More than 160,000 students miss school every day, due to fear of attack or intimidation by other students, in other words getting bullied. Many of these students prefer to not say a thing. Ever wondered what it feels like? Majority of people know this occurs everywhere but just ignore it; not only that, some victims like to stay quiet due to fear. Based on case studies and statistics, there’s evidence to suggest that bullying can cause negative effects socially, emotionally, and physiologically on children. Types of Bullying There are many types of bullying one of them is cyber bullying. Cyber bullying had become very popular now and days. This type of bullying takes place on the internet, via text, or any multimedia device.†¦show more content†¦Emotional bullying is when kids hurt others feeling. Lastly verbal bullying is when kids get bullied by words or foul language and get put down. All of these types of bullying bring damages to a kid physiologically. Kids get bullied in school a lot. Sometimes, they do not have the best clothes, or because they are not economically the same as others. Some get bullied because they are not as social as other kids and prefer to stay alone most of the time. Physical appearance meaning as in size, color, or ethnicity can cause a kid to get bullied in school also. What do these kids go through? They get pushed at in the hallways. They get named called in class with words such as â€Å"freak† or â€Å"lame†. Not only that, sometimes these kids aren’t allowed to sit in certain areas in the lunch tables or they would get teased at for just being there. The commonest type of bullying is general name calling, followed by being hit, threatened, or having rumors spread about one. Bullying is thought to be more prevalent among boys and the youngest pupils in a school (smith 1). What are the effects bullying cause in bullied kids’ lives? Causes and Effect Kids should go through bullying at some point in their life so they can become stronger human beings and learn that life is not always great, however, studies show that words from family members or other people can hurt them and scar them for life. â€Å"Words actually hurt† is a quote wellShow MoreRelatedThe Different Types Of Bullying1864 Words   |  8 Pagesabout bullying the first thing they think of is who got picked on in school today? Well bullying is not just in school, it is everywhere and anywhere you could think of. Perhaps maybe at work, or in church, or maybe in an athletic contest of some sort. They would not let anyone walk over them no matter who they were. Victims and bullies have the same consequences on both ends of the deal. Victims can suffer from multiple things during and or after getting bullied. 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An important and well known website named stopbullying.com unleashed factual information that helps, as well educates families on this topic: â€Å"In 2014, the Centers for Disease Control and Department of Education released the first federal uniform definition of bullying for research and surveillance †¦ there are many different modes and types of bullying. The current definitionRead MoreEssay on Different Types of Cyber Bullying586 Words   |  3 PagesCyber Bullying Bullying is a bad thing but the worst of all the types of bullying is cyber bulling, it is a terrible weapon that can destroy someones life and reputation. Cyber bullying is a part of bullying in which a person torments or harasses other people in a deliberate, repeated, and hostile manner, with technology. It has had a much greater effect on the world more than the traditional way of bullying. 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It is the use of force to exploit the resources of others in order to achieve a particular interest; which stems from the need to force the owner of the resources and the talents and abilities of others to employ them in a manner expediency. Regardless of the meaning of bullying, it certainlyRead MoreThe Effects Of Bullying On Children And Young Adults Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesis by bullying others. Bullying is a huge problem in younger teens and young adults. It causes people to have low self esteem, depression, loneliness, suicidal thoughts,making them not want to go to school anymore, anger and hurt, and many more causes.Bullying isn t only hard for the victim it is hard as well for those who are surrounded by the victim.Most teachers and parents who are trying to fix or solve the bullying can t do it in just one step. They have to detect what type of bullying it isRead MoreBull ying : The Common Way Of Bullying979 Words   |  4 PagesMelissa Grimes Trossman Composition 7 December 2015 Bullying Bullying is being mean to another person over and over. Bullying includes many different forms: teasing, saying something to hurt another person, spreading rumors, attacking someone or hitting them, or leaving someone out on purpose. (stopbullying.gov). There are three types of bullying: emotional, physical and cyberbullying. Students are bullied for many different reasons. Reasons such as weight, race, skin color, height, educationalRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying864 Words   |  4 Pagesissue in our society today. Bullying is a big problem, mainly in kids and teens. Bullies need to learn to â€Å"love one another’, and for the bully not put all their anger on another because of certain situation are not going right. This issue is stressing our society and possibly reshaping our future. There are four common types of bullying. All these types can be spotted in many different places and ways. According to ERASEBULLYING.com, the types of bullying are physical, verbal, socialRead MoreThe Common Types Of Bullying1732 Words   |  7 PagesBullying involves repeated acts of anger and violent behavior. A child who grows into this infamous term known as a â€Å"bully†, result into preying on and threatening a victim who is weaker physically, mentally and emotionally. There are four common types of bullying. It is important for parents to understand which type of bullying is concerning their child so they can understand what is happening to them and what actions should be taken to help their child. The first type of bullying is physical bullying

Downs Syndrome Nondisjunction free essay sample

Cause effects of chromosomal failure in this type of mental retardation. Nondisjunction in Downs syndrome has been examined by a number of researchers in genetics in recent years with an eye to better understand the syndrome and to find a predictor of its development. Nondisjunction refers to the failure of homologous pairs of chromosomes to separate during the first meiotic division or of the two chromatids of a chromosome to split during anaphase of mitosis or the second meiotic division. The result of nondisjunction is an abnormal number of chromosomes in the daughter cells. Studies of this issue have been conducted in general terms and on specific chromosomes alike. They have been conducted in different parts of the world to see if there are different forces at work. The issue has also been examined from the standpoint of its consequences in the development of Downs Syndrome and other medical problems for mother and child. We will write a custom essay sample on Downs Syndrome Nondisjunction or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day

Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Situation Analysis February 17, 2015 was the World Pancake Day, and thus a number of organizations took the day to advertise their brands. However, Samsung carried the day. The campaign aimed at familiarizing its customers with different brands because hostility on any product could be converted into sympathy. The self-doubters would accept the company and its products. Social media has massive following, and thus millions of potential clients would be reached via this advertisement. Objectives The Samsung’s campaign aimed at achieving three main objectives that can be evaluated using the SMART approach. Objective 1: make everyone be involved with your brand in a unique way Make popular celebrities associate with your products together with your Twitter followers. This way , with your potential customers identifying with their popular celebrities, they would also identify with your products. It also unifies everyone involved from stakeholder to customers and the employees, as there is power in unity. Objective 2: Increase sales With every commercial campaign, there is always the need to increase the number of sales, and this assertion was true in this case. The huge number of potential customers that would be reached via this platform means that a certain percentage would end up choosing Samsung as a brand. In turn, this aspect would improve the company’s market share as more customers start purchasing its products. The company has a set period of operating the business campaign of one day and it cannot be decided whether the objectives serve the short-term or the long-term objectives. Objective 3: To reach social media fans and especially Twitter This aspect could have been approached from a total percentage expected, as it will present a more realistic case scenario. Strategy The campaign was more of creating a buzz in the social media that would have everyone talking about and participating in large numbers. Social media has become one of the most powerful marketing tools due to the ever-increasing audience. Currently, the total number of social media users is close to 2 billion people, with Twitter having a market share of 288 million users. Therefore, this strategy would reach many potential clients at minimal marketing budget. The following strategy outlines how it was done: The company was able to make Pancake portraits of popular celebrities on Twitter. The fans were asked to send their pictures, which were then made into pancake forms and later retweeted for everyone to see. Winners were selected after which their pictures were recreated using the pancakes before being posted via Twitter for the world to see. In addition, the company decided to extend the releasing of pictures of some of the most famous peo ple across the world after they had appeared on a certain TV show that day. This aspect captured the attention of the fans as they identified with celebrities, which is good for business. The campaign strategy was a success as it received numerous appraisals from many celebrities and fans for the company’s different products. It captured the theme of the day and made the best out of it. The campaign captured all the Four DRIP elements, viz.Advertising Looking for report on communications media? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Differentiates – involving the public in the marketing procedures was a success. This approach stands out of the rest because in most cases, some selected individuals are involved in the marketing program. However, in this case, the public was allowed to participate. Reassures – the campaign approach targeted both potential customers and their customers with the aid of Twitter. All parties enjoyed the fun created by the pancake pictures and video portraits. Informs – the company used Twitter to inform the public of its ongoing project and brands. By creating a captivating campaign that attracted and reached millions of people, Samsung stood a good chance of letting the world know of its products. Persuades- it was in a position to tune the pubic into some amicable fun while at the same time marketing products. The most important customers who have the power to buy their products were reached through the fun induced by the pancake portraits, thus improving sales. All customers available on Twitter were able to receive the message. The timing was also on target, as many people tend to be online during holidays and special days to access discounts and other giveaways. Tactics Employed Media – the company was able to use social media, and particularly Twitter, to market its product. This aspect put it ahead of competition and engaged many public c onsumers. This strategy was also cost effective. Electronic – By using Twitter and Television, the company was able to reach the global market in a single day. The campaign was a success and it was made possible by the company engaging all the involved parties. It all started with producing picture portraits, which created fun then the marketing of products came naturally. The use of social media was ideal for the task on top of being cost effective. What could have made the campaign even better? The idea of using Twitter to pass the message was ingenious, but it would have been more success if the company used all social media platforms such as Facebook and Instagram among others because not all people are on Twitter. Sometimes, individuals tend to use only one social medium, and thus using all the social mediums to do the campaigns would be successful, as it would have reached more customers. The company should also have run the campaign for a little longer as opposed to o ne-day event. Campaigning on special days makes some customers to start judging the brand’s credibility. Overall, the company did a good job. Many people received the campaign positively. In addition, the campaign became more interesting when it received several endorsements from celebrities. Almost everyone that saw the campaign was satisfied and left a positive feedback that the company can derive satisfaction. Conclusion The campaign was undoubtedly a success and it brought forth unique creativity and innovation that captured the eyes of the public across the world. The public was engaged in a one-day fun that involved posting commentary via Twitter. In addition, the public was amused not only to see their celebrities in the pancake portraits, but also themselves being tweeted. Credited must be given to the Samsung Company for the perfect campaign. The use of social media also ensured that they reached out to a number of youthful customers who are the ideal candidates for their products. The only shortcoming is that the company chose to use Twitter only instead of using all the available social media platforms.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Appendix Campaign source: https://www.prexamples.com/2015/02/pancake-portraits-as-samsung-celebrate-pancake-day/ This report on Samsung Advertising its Brand Using Pancakes During the Pancake Day was written and submitted by user Cailyn Cruz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Medieval science lab report copy Essay Example

Medieval science lab report copy Essay Example Medieval science lab report copy Paper Medieval science lab report copy Paper In this lab we conducted a scientific test of astrological predictions, test for psychic abilities, test the conception that quartz has on curative properties, and roommate an experiment to test the conception that a good luck charm will affect the outcome of future events. Many people believe that they have some form of psychic abilities including: telepathy, clairvoyance, etc. For our first experiment we will be testing psychic abilities depending on the ability to read symbols on a card which was not visible to the partner. For the second experiment we will be testing to see if quartz crystal can change the recessive mutation of flies. Quartz crystals are often found to possessed powers that could help heal illness. In this part of the lab we will est.. This hypothesis. For the third experiment we will be testing to see if we can see the relationship to a persons day based on their horoscope. The 8 different zodiac signs each correspond to a persons date of birth. So we test to see if the persons future was already written in the stars. Methods In experiment one there were 5 symbol, each on five cards, on a total of 25 cards. The person is essentially guessing which symbol is represented on the card. If we look at this experiment logically then they, the person guessing, has a 1 in 5 chance in guessing the card correctly, so the average person has a 20% hence of success in this experiment, taking in the probability of a false positive. In experiment two, the study was conducted from 8 cultures of vestigial flies. Four cultures were placed close to the quartz crystal with the healing power, which were the treatment group. The other four cultures developed with the absence of mediation and quartz crystal, which were the control group. All the adults in these cultures were removed and all that was left was he larvae which were allowed to develop. Data was collected from a squarer with the formula In experiment three eight paragraphs, describing peoples days were typed n cards, each one labeled with a letter. Eight horoscopes, from an astrologer matched to the day it was written, and the appropriate zodiac sign. Data was collected on the amount of matches, incorrect matched and the total attempts. If the average person were guessing they would have a 1 in 8 chance at success. Results For experiment one, the data that was collected was that the viewer guessed 7 out of 25 matches, which was higher than the average viewer guessing 5 out of 25 therefore showing that viewer had little to no psychic ability. Experiment two: This shows the EX. Contingency table which can be used to induct a chi-square test of independence, to see if the chance of being cured/ normal is independent of whether the fly was in the control group or the crystal group. Hauser: (n(ad x ((a+b)(c+d)(a+c)(b+d)) the results show: (n(xx -xx 6. 23. This data shows that there is no correspondence of the quartz crystal to the recessive mutation of flies. Observed vestigial X group = 10 Observed normal X groups =15 Total X flies= 25 Observed vestigial Y group = 12 Observed normal Y groups =13 Total Y flies= 25 Total vestigial flies-22 Total normal flies=28 Total flies-50 For experiment three: This table is expected t o show if the horoscopes be matched to the predictions more often then one would predict by chance. Total number of matches=3 observed accurate=14 expected accurate=2 observed inaccurate matches=28 Expected inaccurate= 12 Discussion: In experiment one the hypothesis was about whether a set of cards could predict psychic ability, although for the average person guessing there is a 1 and 5 chance of success. However, the viewer guessed 7 out of 25 which is hardly any greater than the mere 20% of the average person. In conclusion, if we are going y the hypothesis would conclude that a set of cards could possibly show psychic ability but this viewer has little to no ability. In experiment two the hypothesis contested that quartz crystal has some healing powers. In order to achieve this conclusion physical proof is needed. The physical proof in this experiment is if the healing powers of the quartz crystal will cure the flies of a recessive mutation. The data concluded that the quartz crystal indeed did not heal the flies of the recessive mutation. In experiment three: the daily horoscopes is said to have a correspondence teen the events of a persons day and their horoscope for that day. In this experiment, there were eight journal entries that one needed to be matched with the correct zodiac sign. With the data correlated it shows that number of matches has nothing to do with the zodiac sign and the journal entries. In conclusion, all of these hypothesis tested were concluded to all be false. These experiments show that no experiments can show psychic ability and that a future is not held in the stars but in life itself. Work cited: Adventures in Populations and Communities: Lab manual for Bios 101, Dry. Mollusk.

I'm not sure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

I'm not sure - Essay Example Xunzi departs from the ideas of Confucius and Mencius in the view of heaven (Ivanhoe and Bryan 41). He argues that heaven is nothing more than the natural world which has no moral will and that its activities are totally different to human activities. Therefore, human-beings are responsible for their own destinies and they must not think that heaven can intervene or be in control of their own troubles. He says that heaven is responsible for how things are and not how they ought to be. People must therefore live with the effects and limitations imposed on them by heaven and earth (Ivanhoe and Bryan 39). On ritual, Xunzi perceives it as a way of bringing into existence a fully human world from people’s emotions. Rituals more often satisfy certain psychological needs and desires without considering on those of others. Sacrificial rites express the feelings of remembrance and longing for the dead. They perfect loyalty, good faith and the flourishing of ritual department and refine d demeanor. Xunzi`s theory dearly anticipates Sigmund Frend whereby the sages had a psychological purpose in creating the rituals and did not depend upon belief in the existence of ancestral spirits or their ability to respond to sacrifice (Ivanhoe and Bryan 51). Xunzi also argues that human nature is evil and that its goodness is the result of conscious activity. It is human nature that one is born with the desire for something either good or bad. As a result, indulging human emotions with human nature will lead to strife causing chaos and violence. Xunzi therefore indicates that before one attains modesty, he or she must emulate the example of a teacher and guided by the way of ritual and rightness. On the other hand Mencius argues that the nature of human beings is good after an understanding of human nature and distinction between the nature and conscious activity. He further argues that nature cannot be acquired by effort or learn it but instead given by heaven. They both recog nize that human beings have both bad emotions and good ones as well (Ivanhoe and Bryan 89). For Mencius, it is a matter of nourishment while Xunzi its transformation. As a result, education becomes more important for Xunzi than for Mencius since Xunzi view it as the only counterforce to the natural tendencies that result to competition, strife and aggression in the society. 2. Compare and contrast Mozi's, Mencius's and Xunzi's views of Heaven. Xunzi refutes the norm of the role of heaven by stating that heaven does not care about human affairs. According to him, heaven is nothing more than the natural world which has no will and correlation to human activities. He further argues that those who pray for rain are wasting their time. He points out that human beings are in charge of their own destinies and they must not wait for heaven to intervene on their troubles (Ivanhoe and Bryan 31). He concurs with Confucius that natural events like droughts affect human beings, they have no huma n meaning. Therefore people must live with the challenges imposed on them by heaven and earth. Xunzi also contrast with Mozi`s and Mencius view on non-action or non-striving action. He claims that good things are only achieved through effort. He attacks Laozi and Zhuangzi on the matter that human beings adopt the perspective of heaven and leave conventional values as result of yielding the natural flow of things. Xunzi instead gives the distinctive importance of the human nature and

Distinguish between the return on investment and the return on Essay

Distinguish between the return on investment and the return on capital. Show the respective relevance of each to investment decisions - Essay Example ffect of the aggregate demand curve is the same as the demand curve, it shows the amount that the government and businesses are willing to spend on good (Perelman, 2007). Keynes postulates that the capital investment in equipment, plant and machinery will increase the production of goods in an economy. He further, says that investment consists of spending on stocks and finished goods. An increase in interest rate results to a decrease in investment hence a consequent decrease in the total demand. This happens on the ground that the interest rate and investment have an inverse relationship. The increase in interest rate increases the cost of capital hence decrease in demand total. However, a reduction in interest rate will lower the cost of the capital hence increase in investment and a consequent increase in aggregate investment. Keynes postulates that aggregate demand has a number of components. The demand function is Y=C(Y-T)+I (r) +G+NX (e) where I is income, I is consumption being a function of disposable income, I is investment being a function of interest rate, G is government expenditure and NX is net exports (exports minus imports). Keynes further ascertained that investment cannot, therefore, be a sole determinant of the aggregate demand. This means that a change in investment leads to a less proportionate change in the aggregate demand. A rising flow of investment increases the money supply in the economy. The government using its monetary policy, it employs the increase in interest rates to decrease the nominal supply in the economy as it increases the cost of capital (V). Additionally, the increase in the flow of investment increases the money supply in the economy leading to a shift of the money supply upwards and leftwards. This would consequently lead to an increase in prices and the real output (oil, petrol and